In a solution, what is the term for the substance that is being dissolved?

The term for the substance that is being dissolved in a solution is "solute." In a solution, the solute is the component that is present in a smaller amount compared to the solvent, which is the substance that dissolves the solute. The solute can be solids, liquids, or gases, and it becomes evenly distributed within the solvent once dissolved, resulting in a homogeneous mixture known as a solution.

Understanding the relationship between solute and solvent is fundamental in the study of chemistry, as it affects various properties of the solution, such as concentration and saturation. The term "solution" refers to the entire mixture of solute and solvent, while "suspension" describes a heterogeneous mixture where solid particles do not dissolve but are suspended within a liquid. Recognizing these definitions helps clarify the role and nature of substances in different chemical contexts.